潮流设计和电脑CG壁纸系列:
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插画设计大杂烩(八) |
插画设计大杂烩(七) |
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插画设计大杂烩(六) |
插画设计大杂烩(五) |
插画设计大杂烩(四) |
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插画设计大杂烩(三) |
插画设计大杂烩(二) |
插画设计大杂烩(一) |
脑绘画CG
“CG”是计算机图形Computer Graphics的缩写。随着以计算机为主要工具进行视觉设计和生产的一系列相关产业的形成,国际上习惯将利用计算机技术进行视觉设计和生产的领域通称为CG。它既包括技术也包括艺术,几乎囊括了当今电脑时代中所有的视觉艺术创作活动,如三维动画、影视特效、平面设计、网页设计、多媒体技术、印前设计、建筑设计、工业造型设计等。
在日本,CG通常指的是数码化的作品,内容是纯艺术创作到广告设计,可以是二维三维、静止或动画。广义的还包括DIP和CAD,现在CG的概念正 在扩大,由CG和虚拟真实技术制作的媒体文化,都可以归于CG范畴,它们已经形成一个可观的经济产业,所以提到CG时一般可以分成四个主要领域:
一、CG艺术与设计
包括二维、三维的,静止画、动画(movie),从自由创作、服装设计、工业设计、电视广告(CM)到网页设计,可谓包罗万象。
二.游戏(Game)软件
电子游戏开始于美国,日本的软件使之风靡世界。1993年任天堂公司推出了8比特的专用游戏机,到1996年达到了64比特。但硬件的性能再好,没有有趣的软件也是徒然。游戏公司凭借日本动画,漫画的文化积累,充分运用CG,一举形成了世界注目的游戏产业。在不到20年的时间里,发展到数十兆日圆的规模。任天堂(Nintendo),Sega,索尼(Sony)等国际知名的企业成了电子游戏的代名词
三、动画(Animation)
从手冢治虫的‘铁臂阿童木’起,日本的动画就广为世界所熟悉,在电脑普及之前,靠手工绘制的动画已经成了日本的朝阳产业。但在人工费等成本不断上涨中,如果没有导入电脑就很难想象动画产业今天的规模。动画大师宫崎骏的新作品一再创造了票房的新记录。日本虽有东映那样的制作‘影院动画’的大公司,但大部分的作品还是出自小公司,小公司在很多制作方面又要委托零细的加工专业和个人制作者。整个产业的从业员约有3.4千人,每星期在日本的电视上放映的动画连续剧有30多本,加上映象产品,定制作品等,他们的产量每个月差不多达到200本,尽管有部分在海外加工,但日本动画业在简陋的条件下(相对与其他制造业生产而言)达到的质量与产量是惊人的。没有CG,动画的大量生产是难以想象的。
四、漫画(Comic)
在导入CG前,漫画在日本已经是一个成熟的文化产业,是深受男女老少喜爱的大众文化。有幼儿漫画、少年漫画、少女漫画、青年漫画、女性漫画、成人漫画等等,有覆盖各个年龄层次的内容与风格。随着读者的年龄增大,老年漫画也开始出现。虽然漫画家们主要还是采用手绘,然后用扫描仪进行数码化,便贴纸等很多技法采用了photoshop之类的软件。年轻一代越来越习惯于用数码输入板和illustrator painer一类的软件直接创作,或者用数码相机的素材加工成漫画
电脑绘画CG当然有软件支持:ps、maya等,要学CG从网上能找到许多教程和朋友!
The term computer graphics includes almost everything on computers that is not text or sound. Today almost every computer can do some graphics, and people have even come to expect to control their computer through icons and pictures rather than just by typing.
Here in our lab at the Program of Computer Graphics, we think of computer graphics as drawing pictures on computers, also called rendering. The pictures can be photographs, drawings, movies, or simulations -- pictures of things which do not yet exist and maybe could never exist. Or they may be pictures from places we cannot see directly, such as medical images from inside your body.
We spend much of our time improving the way computer pictures can simulate real world scenes. We want images on computers to not just look more realistic, but also to BE more realistic in their colors, the way objects and rooms are lighted, and the way different materials appear. We call this work "realistic image synthesis", and the following series of pictures will show some of our techniques in stages from very simple pictures through very realistic ones.
Computer illustration or digital illustration is the use of digital tools to produce images under the direct manipulation of the artist, usually through a pointing device such as a tablet or a mouse. It is distinguished from computer-generated art, which is produced by a computer using mathematical models created by the artist. It is also distinct from digital manipulation of photographs, in that it is an original construction "from scratch". (Photographic elements may be incorporated into such works, but they are not the primary basis or source for them.)
There are two main types of tools used for digital illustration: bitmapped and vector. With bitmapped tools, the content is stored digitally in fixed rows, columns, and layers, containing information about each pixel's hue, luminence, and sometimes filter settings. Popular examples include Photoshop, Paint Shop Pro, Corel Painter, and the GIMP. With vector-based tools, the content is stored digitally as resolution-independent mathematical formulae describing lines, shapes, and color gradients. Popular examples include Freehand, Illustrator, CorelDRAW, and Inkscape.